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amandaonwriting:

Four Types of Book Editing
1. Developmental Editing
Any or all of the following:
Working with the client and, usually, the author of a book or other document to develop a manuscript from initial concept, outline, or draft (or some combination of the three) through any number of subsequent drafts
making suggestions about content, organization, and presentation, based on analysis of competing works, comments of expert reviewers, the client’s market analysis, and other appropriate references
rewriting, writing, and researching, as needed, and sometimes suggesting topics or providing information about topics for consideration of authors and client.
2. Substantive Editing
Improving a manuscript in any or all of the following ways:
identifying and solving problems of overall clarity or accuracy
reorganizing paragraphs, sections, or chapters to improve the order in which the text is presented
writing or rewriting segments of text to improve readability and flow of information
revising any or all aspects of the text to improve its presentation
consulting with others about issues of concern
incorporating responses to queries and suggestions creating a new draft of the document
3. Copy Editing (sometimes called line editing).
Any or all of the following:
correcting spelling, grammar, punctuation, syntax, and word usage while preserving the meaning and voice of the original text
checking for or imposing a consistent style and format
preparing a style sheet that documents style and format
reading for overall clarity and sense on behalf of the prospective audience
querying the appropriate party about apparent errors or inconsistencies
noting permissions needed to publish copyrighted material
preparing a manuscript for the next stage of the publication process
cross-checking references, art, figures, tables, equations, and other features for consistency with their mentions in the text
4. Proofreading. Comparing the latest stage of text with the preceding stage, marking discrepancies in text, and, when appropriate, checking for problems in page makeup, layout, color separation, or type.
Proofreading may also include one or more of the following:
checking proof against typesetting specifications
querying or correcting errors or inconsistencies that may have escaped an editor or writer
reading for typographical errors or for sense without reading against copy
Definitions from Freelance Editorial Association
From Writers Write

Four Types of Book Editing

1. Developmental Editing

Any or all of the following:

Working with the client and, usually, the author of a book or other document to develop a manuscript from initial concept, outline, or draft (or some combination of the three) through any number of subsequent drafts

making suggestions about content, organization, and presentation, based on analysis of competing works, comments of expert reviewers, the client’s market analysis, and other appropriate references

rewriting, writing, and researching, as needed, and sometimes suggesting topics or providing information about topics for consideration of authors and client.

2. Substantive Editing

Improving a manuscript in any or all of the following ways:

identifying and solving problems of overall clarity or accuracy

reorganizing paragraphs, sections, or chapters to improve the order in which the text is presented

writing or rewriting segments of text to improve readability and flow of information

revising any or all aspects of the text to improve its presentation

consulting with others about issues of concern

incorporating responses to queries and suggestions creating a new draft of the document

3. Copy Editing (sometimes called line editing).

Any or all of the following:

correcting spelling, grammar, punctuation, syntax, and word usage while preserving the meaning and voice of the original text

checking for or imposing a consistent style and format

preparing a style sheet that documents style and format

reading for overall clarity and sense on behalf of the prospective audience

querying the appropriate party about apparent errors or inconsistencies

noting permissions needed to publish copyrighted material

preparing a manuscript for the next stage of the publication process

cross-checking references, art, figures, tables, equations, and other features for consistency with their mentions in the text

4. Proofreading. Comparing the latest stage of text with the preceding stage, marking discrepancies in text, and, when appropriate, checking for problems in page makeup, layout, color separation, or type.

Proofreading may also include one or more of the following:

checking proof against typesetting specifications

querying or correcting errors or inconsistencies that may have escaped an editor or writer

reading for typographical errors or for sense without reading against copy

Definitions from Freelance Editorial Association

From Writers Write